What is a common risk factor for substance abuse in adolescents?

Peer pressure is a significant risk factor for substance abuse in adolescents due to the powerful influence that friends and social groups have during this developmental stage. Adolescents are particularly susceptible to the attitudes, behaviors, and norms promoted by their peers, which can encourage experimentation with drugs and alcohol. As young individuals seek acceptance and a sense of belonging, they may feel compelled to conform to their peers' expectations, even if it involves engaging in substance use.

In contrast, high academic achievements, a supportive family environment, and strong self-esteem serve as protective factors. These conditions tend to buffer adolescents from engaging in risky behaviors, including substance abuse. A supportive family can provide guidance and coping mechanisms, while strong self-esteem can empower adolescents to resist negative influences, including peer pressure. Thus, while the environment and achievement levels can contribute positively, peer pressure stands out as a primary risk factor that can lead to substance abuse.