What is an appropriate nursing action for an adolescent with type 1 diabetes showing signs of lethargy and confusion?

When an adolescent with type 1 diabetes exhibits signs of lethargy and confusion, it is often indicative of hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar levels. In such instances, providing a carbohydrate-rich snack is a critical nursing action aimed at rapidly increasing blood glucose levels. This snack should ideally contain fast-acting carbohydrates, like glucose tabs, fruit juice, or sugary snacks, which can help restore normal brain function and energy levels.

Carbohydrate intake serves to address the immediate risk of hypoglycemia, allowing the adolescent to regain alertness and cognitive function. In situations of confusion and lethargy, prioritizing the restoration of normal blood sugar is essential to prevent further complications, such as seizures or loss of consciousness.

While monitoring blood glucose and ensuring the correct insulin dosage are important aspects of diabetes management, they are secondary to the immediate need to treat potential hypoglycemia in this scenario. Encouraging physical activity would not be appropriate since exercise can further lower blood sugar levels in the context of hypoglycemia. Therefore, the action to provide a carbohydrate-rich snack directly addresses the symptoms and ensures the adolescent's safety and well-being.