What is the cognitive developmental stage of school-age children as defined in developmental psychology?

The cognitive developmental stage of school-age children, as defined in developmental psychology, is the concrete operations stage. This stage typically occurs between the ages of 7 and 11 years and is characterized by the ability to think logically about concrete events. During this stage, children become more adept at using mental operations to solve problems related to tangible objects and experiences. They develop skills in categorizing, organizing, and understanding the concept of conservation—the understanding that quantity does not change even when its shape does.

Children in this stage can perform operations such as addition and subtraction, and they begin to understand the concepts of time, space, and numbers more systematically. They are also better able to grasp the perspective of others, which is an important development in social cognition at this age level.

The other stages mentioned do not apply to this age group: the preoperational stage occurs from about ages 2 to 7 and is characterized by the inability to perform operations mentally. The formal operations stage, beginning around age 12, involves abstract and hypothetical reasoning, which is beyond the concrete problem-solving abilities developed during the concrete operations stage. "Frontal operations" is not a recognized stage in developmental psychology. Thus, the identification of concrete operations as the correct answer reflects the cognitive