While an adolescent with type 1 diabetes receives a continuous insulin infusion, which complication should a nurse monitor closely?

In the context of managing a patient with type 1 diabetes on a continuous insulin infusion, close monitoring for hypoglycemia is crucial. Insulin, especially when administered continuously, can lower blood glucose levels significantly. If insulin administration surpasses the body’s glucose needs or if food intake does not match the level of insulin being delivered, the risk of hypoglycemia increases. This is particularly important in adolescents who may have varying activity levels and dietary habits that can affect their blood sugar. Symptoms of hypoglycemia include shakiness, confusion, sweating, and in severe cases, loss of consciousness or seizures.

Hypokakemia, while a relevant consideration in some contexts, is typically not the primary concern during insulin therapy. Continuous insulin infusion primarily affects glucose levels rather than potassium levels directly, although insulin does promote the uptake of potassium into cells, which can lead to transient changes in serum potassium levels. However, for an adolescent receiving insulin, vigilant monitoring for hypoglycemia is paramount to prevent adverse events associated with too low of a blood sugar.